shana04
02-13 11:22 AM
Sorry Shana,
I am a bit confused now, are you in your 5th year extension?.. In which year did your H1 expire?.
Thanks,
Example:
If your h1 expires Feb 12 2010, i.e. you still have 2 more years.
Assuming: 140 approved and 485 filed.
Now if you use ac21 with h1, you would only get 2 yrs of extension and there after only 1 yr. (attorney said, if you have 140 approved you get 3 yrs extenion. but once you file your 485, you get the remaining time of 6 yrs or if you are in your 6th year, then you get 1 yrs extension).
Hope this answers most of the quesitons.
I am a bit confused now, are you in your 5th year extension?.. In which year did your H1 expire?.
Thanks,
Example:
If your h1 expires Feb 12 2010, i.e. you still have 2 more years.
Assuming: 140 approved and 485 filed.
Now if you use ac21 with h1, you would only get 2 yrs of extension and there after only 1 yr. (attorney said, if you have 140 approved you get 3 yrs extenion. but once you file your 485, you get the remaining time of 6 yrs or if you are in your 6th year, then you get 1 yrs extension).
Hope this answers most of the quesitons.
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GCInThisLife
07-19 02:09 PM
Thanks for finding the link. I remember reading it some time in the past, but couldn't find it.
dpp, Please read through my wifes case above and in your 'opinion', will there be a problem?
Q : Must an H-1B alien be working at all times?
As long as the employer/employee relationship exists, an H-1B alien is still in status. An H-1B alien may work in full or part-time employment and remain in status. An H-1B alien may also be on vacation, sick/maternity/paternity leave, on strike, or otherwise inactive without affecting his or her status.
Check this.
http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=a62bec897643f010VgnVCM1000000ecd190aRCR D&vgnextchannel=1847c9ee2f82b010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1 RCRD
dpp, Please read through my wifes case above and in your 'opinion', will there be a problem?
Q : Must an H-1B alien be working at all times?
As long as the employer/employee relationship exists, an H-1B alien is still in status. An H-1B alien may work in full or part-time employment and remain in status. An H-1B alien may also be on vacation, sick/maternity/paternity leave, on strike, or otherwise inactive without affecting his or her status.
Check this.
http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=a62bec897643f010VgnVCM1000000ecd190aRCR D&vgnextchannel=1847c9ee2f82b010VgnVCM10000045f3d6a1 RCRD
kode
02-22 08:40 PM
posted by sheep
likely story
lol :P
besides i wouldn't agreed if you already had the castle .. :-\
likely story
lol :P
besides i wouldn't agreed if you already had the castle .. :-\
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sparky_jones
07-02 04:07 PM
Medicals : $450 (self + spouse)
Photographs: $25
Affidavits: $20
Printing/Copying/Faxing: $30
FedEx: $60
Lawyer's Fee: $2,700
Total: $ 3,285
Of course, plenty of time, effort and anxiety. May all the USCIS and DOS people responsible for this debacle rot in hell. Amen!
Photographs: $25
Affidavits: $20
Printing/Copying/Faxing: $30
FedEx: $60
Lawyer's Fee: $2,700
Total: $ 3,285
Of course, plenty of time, effort and anxiety. May all the USCIS and DOS people responsible for this debacle rot in hell. Amen!
more...
chanduv23
11-16 03:25 PM
actually I realized the difference bet LC ads and EEOC laws:
Per EEOC, they cannot discriminate to hire a person on a visa. But for green card sponsorship, they have to show preference for an equally qualified USC or perm resident.
I know this b/c my employer, while sponsoring a previous H-1b at my firm, during the LC process found a qualified USC. They stopped the gc process, but could not let the person go b/c it is legal to hire an H-1b even if USCs are available.
What practical sense does this make? Once an employer sponsors an H-1b, why would he want to go thru the whole recruiting and training process again to hire a new person?
When it comes to implementation, things vary. Laws are made so that they can be worked around, laws are made in a way that can be interpreted in many ways, laws canbe generalised, they have grey areas. Everything is based on convinience.
Per EEOC, they cannot discriminate to hire a person on a visa. But for green card sponsorship, they have to show preference for an equally qualified USC or perm resident.
I know this b/c my employer, while sponsoring a previous H-1b at my firm, during the LC process found a qualified USC. They stopped the gc process, but could not let the person go b/c it is legal to hire an H-1b even if USCs are available.
What practical sense does this make? Once an employer sponsors an H-1b, why would he want to go thru the whole recruiting and training process again to hire a new person?
When it comes to implementation, things vary. Laws are made so that they can be worked around, laws are made in a way that can be interpreted in many ways, laws canbe generalised, they have grey areas. Everything is based on convinience.
InTheMoment
08-15 04:04 PM
In the letter from the new employer include the following (start date, title, job description, salary and position type):
This letter is to verify that Mr. Cool Dude (SSN: ) has been employed by our company as a full-time employee. He has been working with us since Oct 32, 1666 as a Full Time Gamer.
Mr. Dude's primary job duties include:
Put Bulletized description here
Mr. Dude is compensated with an annual salary of $xxx,xxx. The postion is for permanent at will employment and we have continued interest in employing Mr. Dude.
I trust that this letter would assist Mr. and Mrs. Dude in adjusting their status to a permanent resident as soon as possible. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me.
Sincerely,
Joe Employer
As far as docs are concerned add the following with the EVL:
Your covering letter
AC21 Yates Memo
3 latest paystubs
I-485 receipt
that would be it ;)
IntheMoment,
I am in similar situation, I have already changed my job after 180 days of filing my 485 (140 approved) and working with a small consulting company. Currently where I am working client willing to hire me as a fulltime employee with the same titile and giving me the supporting letter with the same job duties mentioned in my LC (I have added few more technologies it).
Even my attorney says the same, no need to inform CIS - when we get the RFE we will see.
Can you kindly let me know all the documents I need to gather and what I need to request from new employer in order to submit AC21 bunch to CIS.
Here are job discriptions with titles.
Old Employer.
Title: Computer Systems Analyst.
Analyze systems requirements, procedures & problems to automate process. Write description of user needs, program functions & steps to develop and modify systems. Script, design, modify, code, debug, test & document applications systems & solutions. Deploy & maintain developed technology. Engaged in disaster recovery. Use Windows, Unix, Linux, LAN/WAN, SQL. VB & Perl Scripting, IBM RS 6000 & E-servers, Dell/EMS SAN Storage.
With New Emaployer
Title: Systems Analyst
Analyze systems requirements, procedures and problems to automate process. Write description of user needs, program functions & steps to develop and modify systems. Debug, Script, Modify, Design, Test and document applications systems & solutions. Design and deploy the backup solutions. Deploy and maintain developed technology. Engaged in disaster recovery procedures. Used technologies Windows, Unix, Linux, LAN/WAN, MS SQL, MySql, VB & Shell Scripting, Dell PowerEdge Servers, Dell/EMC/NetA pp SAN Storages, Dell PowerVault Tape Libraries.
Note: I will be getting a offer letter from new employer, what all I need to mention in the offer, please help me.
Appreciate you prompt reply. I have meeting with my manager with new employer (client).
This letter is to verify that Mr. Cool Dude (SSN: ) has been employed by our company as a full-time employee. He has been working with us since Oct 32, 1666 as a Full Time Gamer.
Mr. Dude's primary job duties include:
Put Bulletized description here
Mr. Dude is compensated with an annual salary of $xxx,xxx. The postion is for permanent at will employment and we have continued interest in employing Mr. Dude.
I trust that this letter would assist Mr. and Mrs. Dude in adjusting their status to a permanent resident as soon as possible. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me.
Sincerely,
Joe Employer
As far as docs are concerned add the following with the EVL:
Your covering letter
AC21 Yates Memo
3 latest paystubs
I-485 receipt
that would be it ;)
IntheMoment,
I am in similar situation, I have already changed my job after 180 days of filing my 485 (140 approved) and working with a small consulting company. Currently where I am working client willing to hire me as a fulltime employee with the same titile and giving me the supporting letter with the same job duties mentioned in my LC (I have added few more technologies it).
Even my attorney says the same, no need to inform CIS - when we get the RFE we will see.
Can you kindly let me know all the documents I need to gather and what I need to request from new employer in order to submit AC21 bunch to CIS.
Here are job discriptions with titles.
Old Employer.
Title: Computer Systems Analyst.
Analyze systems requirements, procedures & problems to automate process. Write description of user needs, program functions & steps to develop and modify systems. Script, design, modify, code, debug, test & document applications systems & solutions. Deploy & maintain developed technology. Engaged in disaster recovery. Use Windows, Unix, Linux, LAN/WAN, SQL. VB & Perl Scripting, IBM RS 6000 & E-servers, Dell/EMS SAN Storage.
With New Emaployer
Title: Systems Analyst
Analyze systems requirements, procedures and problems to automate process. Write description of user needs, program functions & steps to develop and modify systems. Debug, Script, Modify, Design, Test and document applications systems & solutions. Design and deploy the backup solutions. Deploy and maintain developed technology. Engaged in disaster recovery procedures. Used technologies Windows, Unix, Linux, LAN/WAN, MS SQL, MySql, VB & Shell Scripting, Dell PowerEdge Servers, Dell/EMC/NetA pp SAN Storages, Dell PowerVault Tape Libraries.
Note: I will be getting a offer letter from new employer, what all I need to mention in the offer, please help me.
Appreciate you prompt reply. I have meeting with my manager with new employer (client).
more...
little_willy
08-07 06:06 PM
I hope you are talking to an attorney regarding your situation, do not rely on forum information alone.
AFAIK, H-1 or F-1 for your future wife appears to be the best bet. Good Luck!
AFAIK, H-1 or F-1 for your future wife appears to be the best bet. Good Luck!
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regacct
04-22 08:22 AM
Looks like this Arizona bill has a positive impact .... it has brought the immigration discussion to the forefront ..... and there is talk in the White House, and Congress. Bet the antis didn't think it through while proposing drastic changes :D
more...
ashkam
03-27 11:55 AM
I am not the one who is arguing for the sake of it. You are. So far I haven't seen any "in depth" logical reasoning from you. I am not replying anymore to your arguments unless you come up with some real logic.
Also, until you explain how an illegal intruder in a house doesn't qualify as a security threat, all your requests for logic smack of hypocrisy.
Also, until you explain how an illegal intruder in a house doesn't qualify as a security threat, all your requests for logic smack of hypocrisy.
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shamu
01-15 08:47 PM
Check this... This covers maternity. Only thing you should get it before your wife become pregnant.
http://visitinsurance.com/VISIT_Incoming_Premiums.html
Thank you very much.
http://visitinsurance.com/VISIT_Incoming_Premiums.html
Thank you very much.
more...
nikh
09-19 03:07 PM
here are the details
I-485 NSC RD 07/02/07; CSC ND 08/31/07, LUD 09/07 Xfer to NSC, Pending Processing @ NSC
I-131 NSC RD 07/02/07; CSC ND 08/31/07, LUD: 09/14 AP mailed,
I-765 NSC RD 07/02/07; CSC ND 08/31/07, LUD: 09/14 EAD pending
FP Notice not yet
I-485 NSC RD 07/02/07; CSC ND 08/31/07, LUD 09/07 Xfer to NSC, Pending Processing @ NSC
I-131 NSC RD 07/02/07; CSC ND 08/31/07, LUD: 09/14 AP mailed,
I-765 NSC RD 07/02/07; CSC ND 08/31/07, LUD: 09/14 EAD pending
FP Notice not yet
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vin13
06-24 04:17 PM
From Washington Post:Senate Subcommittee Chair Lays Out Priorities for Immigration Reform - washingtonpost.com (http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/06/24/AR2009062402244.html?hpid=moreheadlines)
Congress can pass a comprehensive overhaul of the nation's immigration laws as soon as this year if it prioritizes a crackdown on illegal immigration, including a new national identity card that will verify workers' eligibility, Sen. Charles E. Schumer (D-N.Y.) said today.
Speaking one day before President Obama is to host lawmakers from both parties at the White House to discuss prospects for an immigration bill, the head of the Senate's main immigration subcommittee laid out key legislative priorities, including requiring that an estimated 12 million illegal immigrants register with the government and "submit to a rigorous process to convert to legal status" or face immediate deportation.
Legislation must also create mechanisms to attract high-skilled immigrants, control the flow of low-skilled immigrants and protect native-born workers, Schumer said, without providing specifics. He did not propose an expanded guest-worker program, a linchpin of overhaul efforts that failed in 2006 and 2007 under President George W. Bush.
In laying down a road map for legislation, Schumer set the groundwork for tomorrow's White House meeting, a long-awaited session that immigrant advocates and Latino leaders have demanded as proof that Obama will fulfill a campaign pledge to move forward on immigration legislation this year.
Schumer said he expects Obama to show his "unyielding commitment" toward the goal but demanded that advocates recognize that Democrats must show the American people they believe that "illegal immigration is wrong -- plain and simple."
"All of the fundamental building blocks are in place to pass comprehensive immigration reform this session and, even possibly, later this year," Schumer said. "I truly believe that [President Obama's] leadership will be the critical difference in getting us over the hump this time around."
However, Schumer added, "the American people will never accept immigration reform unless they truly believe their government is committed to ending future illegal immigration. . . . Advocates understand the need to embrace this principle during the current debate."
As examples, the New York Democrat -- who has taken the lead in the Senate immigration debate in the place of the ailing Sen. Edward M. Kennedy (D-Mass.), who is focusing on health-care legislation -- said the federal government must achieve "operational control" of the nation's borders within a year and develop new ways to enforce laws against hiring illegal immigrants.
Schumer's proposal for a national "biometric" identification system to verify work documents -- based on fingerprints, iris scans or digital photographs -- stems from a key weakness of past immigration overhaul efforts. A 1986 law required workers to fill out I-9 forms and present identification documents, but it lacked provisions to crack down on unscrupulous employers or job seekers with fake IDs, creating a booming fraudulent ID industry.
"I'm sure the civil liberties groups will object to some type of biometric card -- it will be something with all kinds of protections -- but we're going to have to do it. It's the only way to do it," Schumer said, referring to enforcing laws against hiring illegal immigrants.
Congress can pass a comprehensive overhaul of the nation's immigration laws as soon as this year if it prioritizes a crackdown on illegal immigration, including a new national identity card that will verify workers' eligibility, Sen. Charles E. Schumer (D-N.Y.) said today.
Speaking one day before President Obama is to host lawmakers from both parties at the White House to discuss prospects for an immigration bill, the head of the Senate's main immigration subcommittee laid out key legislative priorities, including requiring that an estimated 12 million illegal immigrants register with the government and "submit to a rigorous process to convert to legal status" or face immediate deportation.
Legislation must also create mechanisms to attract high-skilled immigrants, control the flow of low-skilled immigrants and protect native-born workers, Schumer said, without providing specifics. He did not propose an expanded guest-worker program, a linchpin of overhaul efforts that failed in 2006 and 2007 under President George W. Bush.
In laying down a road map for legislation, Schumer set the groundwork for tomorrow's White House meeting, a long-awaited session that immigrant advocates and Latino leaders have demanded as proof that Obama will fulfill a campaign pledge to move forward on immigration legislation this year.
Schumer said he expects Obama to show his "unyielding commitment" toward the goal but demanded that advocates recognize that Democrats must show the American people they believe that "illegal immigration is wrong -- plain and simple."
"All of the fundamental building blocks are in place to pass comprehensive immigration reform this session and, even possibly, later this year," Schumer said. "I truly believe that [President Obama's] leadership will be the critical difference in getting us over the hump this time around."
However, Schumer added, "the American people will never accept immigration reform unless they truly believe their government is committed to ending future illegal immigration. . . . Advocates understand the need to embrace this principle during the current debate."
As examples, the New York Democrat -- who has taken the lead in the Senate immigration debate in the place of the ailing Sen. Edward M. Kennedy (D-Mass.), who is focusing on health-care legislation -- said the federal government must achieve "operational control" of the nation's borders within a year and develop new ways to enforce laws against hiring illegal immigrants.
Schumer's proposal for a national "biometric" identification system to verify work documents -- based on fingerprints, iris scans or digital photographs -- stems from a key weakness of past immigration overhaul efforts. A 1986 law required workers to fill out I-9 forms and present identification documents, but it lacked provisions to crack down on unscrupulous employers or job seekers with fake IDs, creating a booming fraudulent ID industry.
"I'm sure the civil liberties groups will object to some type of biometric card -- it will be something with all kinds of protections -- but we're going to have to do it. It's the only way to do it," Schumer said, referring to enforcing laws against hiring illegal immigrants.
more...
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Macaca
07-10 08:57 AM
Media Matters Lou Dobbs section: http://mediamatters.org/issues_topics/shows/loudobbstonight
Here is a recent attack on undocumented "DREAM act" students exposed by Media Matters: http://mediamatters.org/items/200707060009?f=h_latest
Media Matters for America is a Web-based, not-for-profit, 501(c)(3) progressive research and information center dedicated to comprehensively monitoring, analyzing, and correcting conservative misinformation in the U.S. media.
Launched in May 2004, Media Matters for America put in place, for the first time, the means to systematically monitor a cross section of print, broadcast, cable, radio, and Internet media outlets for conservative misinformation � news or commentary that is not accurate, reliable, or credible and that forwards the conservative agenda � every day, in real time.
Using the website www.mediamatters.org as the principal vehicle for disseminating research and information, Media Matters posts rapid-response items as well as longer research and analytic reports documenting conservative misinformation throughout the media. Additionally, Media Matters works daily to notify activists, journalists, pundits, and the general public about instances of misinformation, providing them with the resources to rebut false claims and to take direct action against offending media institutions.
Here is a recent attack on undocumented "DREAM act" students exposed by Media Matters: http://mediamatters.org/items/200707060009?f=h_latest
Media Matters for America is a Web-based, not-for-profit, 501(c)(3) progressive research and information center dedicated to comprehensively monitoring, analyzing, and correcting conservative misinformation in the U.S. media.
Launched in May 2004, Media Matters for America put in place, for the first time, the means to systematically monitor a cross section of print, broadcast, cable, radio, and Internet media outlets for conservative misinformation � news or commentary that is not accurate, reliable, or credible and that forwards the conservative agenda � every day, in real time.
Using the website www.mediamatters.org as the principal vehicle for disseminating research and information, Media Matters posts rapid-response items as well as longer research and analytic reports documenting conservative misinformation throughout the media. Additionally, Media Matters works daily to notify activists, journalists, pundits, and the general public about instances of misinformation, providing them with the resources to rebut false claims and to take direct action against offending media institutions.
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mallu
11-30 01:27 PM
http://www.durrani.com/docs/FBI%20Process.pdf
It says some applications will still be delayed . I assume of one is stuck with namecheck where FBI is waiting for response from native country, he will be waiting for eternity. Nowhere it says applications will be approved while the namecheck is pending.
It says some applications will still be delayed . I assume of one is stuck with namecheck where FBI is waiting for response from native country, he will be waiting for eternity. Nowhere it says applications will be approved while the namecheck is pending.
more...
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GCSOON-Ihope
01-31 03:52 PM
Yes sir, they do.
GC lottery is the biggest joke ...
GC lottery is no joke at all: I personally know several people who won it and happily settled here afterwards.
GC lottery is the biggest joke ...
GC lottery is no joke at all: I personally know several people who won it and happily settled here afterwards.
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ksircar
03-23 02:28 PM
I have set up a meeting with the staff at Congresswoman Kathy Castor's office in Tampa on March 27th at 2.00 PM.
Anybody interested in joining please PM me.
Anybody interested in joining please PM me.
more...
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pkak
11-18 11:59 PM
pkak,
I am curious, can you explain why you think housing crisis is because of not issueing green cards?
I want to know your theory
When did I say that I think "housing crisis is because of not issueing green cards?"
Was English a third or fourth language for you?;);););););););)
I am curious, can you explain why you think housing crisis is because of not issueing green cards?
I want to know your theory
When did I say that I think "housing crisis is because of not issueing green cards?"
Was English a third or fourth language for you?;);););););););)
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Libra
01-11 10:07 AM
I sent letters to President and IV, how abt you?
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Kitiara
02-05 05:10 AM
Wow, I've got three votes now... :)
Love the castle, and the background work for it.. Kinda looks like one of those Aztec Mayan thingers you see in the mountains or whatever Thank you very much... It's actually a castle from here in England, near Gloucester. Used to go up around there on holiday when I was a kid, and I had some old holiday snaps.
There's lots of ruined castles round here (there's one 15 minutes from where I live in fact, called Rochester Castle) so I wanted to draw one of those, do something a bit different.
But Soul and Eilsoe are in a whole new league with their pixel art. :)
Love the castle, and the background work for it.. Kinda looks like one of those Aztec Mayan thingers you see in the mountains or whatever Thank you very much... It's actually a castle from here in England, near Gloucester. Used to go up around there on holiday when I was a kid, and I had some old holiday snaps.
There's lots of ruined castles round here (there's one 15 minutes from where I live in fact, called Rochester Castle) so I wanted to draw one of those, do something a bit different.
But Soul and Eilsoe are in a whole new league with their pixel art. :)
widad2020
06-12 09:28 PM
This report is just released: Very interesting comments
The U.S. retains its global pre-eminence in science and technology,with a big boost from foreign students,scientists and engineers, a RandCorp. report said.
U.S. Still Leads the World in Science and Technology; Nation Benefits From Foreign Scientists, Engineers
Despite perceptions that the nation is losing its competitive edge, the United States remains the dominant leader in science and technology worldwide, according to a RAND Corporation study issued today.
The United States accounts for 40 percent of the total world�s spending on scientific research and development, employs 70 percent of the world�s Nobel Prize winners and is home to three-quarters of the world�s top 40 universities.
An inflow of foreign students in the sciences -- as well as scientists and engineers from overseas -- has helped the United States build and maintain its worldwide lead, even as many other nations increase their spending on research and development. Continuing this flow of foreign-born talent is critical to helping the United States maintain its lead, according to the study.
�Much of the concern about the United States losing its edge as the world�s leader in science and technology appears to be unfounded,� said Titus Galama, co-author of the report and a management scientist at RAND, a nonprofit research organization. �But the United States cannot afford to be complacent. Effort is needed to make sure the nation maintains or even extends its standing.�
U.S. investments in research and development have not lagged in recent years, but instead have grown at rates similar to what has occurred elsewhere in the world -- growing even faster than what has been seen in Europe and Japan. While China is investing heavily in research and development, it does not yet account for a large share of world innovation and scientific output, which continues to be dominated by the United States, Europe and Japan, according to RAND researchers.
However, other nations are rapidly educating their populations in science and technology. For instance, the European Union and China each are graduating more university-educated scientists and engineers every year than the United States.
Policymakers often receive advice from ad hoc sources. Although their viewpoints are valuable, they should be balanced by more complete and critical assessments of U.S. science and technology, said report co-author James Hosek, a RAND senior economist. The absence of a balanced assessment can feed a public misperception that U.S. science and technology is failing when in fact it remains strong, even preeminent.
�There is a pressing need for ongoing, objective analyses of science and technology performance and the science and technology workforce. We need this information to ensure that decision makers have a rigorous understanding of the issues,� Hosek said.
Among the study�s recommendations:
Establish a permanent commitment to fund a chartered body that would periodically monitor and analyze U.S. science and technology performance and the condition of the nation�s science and engineering workforce.
Make it easier for foreigners who have graduated from U.S. universities with science and engineering degrees to stay indefinitely in the United States.
Make it easier for highly skilled labor to immigrate to the United States to ensure the benefits of expanded innovation are captured in the United States and to help the United States remain competitive in research and innovation.
Increase the United States� capacity to learn from science centers in Europe, Japan, China, India and other countries.
Continue to improve K-12 education in general, and science and technology education in particular.
The inflow of foreign students, scientists and engineers has been a key factor that has enabled the U.S. science and engineering workforce to grow faster than the U.S. is graduating native-born scientists and engineers, according to the report. Researchers found that foreign-born scientists and engineers are paid the same as native born, suggesting their quality is on par.
But a recent reduction in the cap on skilled immigrant visas (H1-B) has the potential to reduce the inflow of foreign science and engineering workers, and the report argues that curtailing the supply of these scientists and engineers can lead U.S. firms to outsource more research and development to foreign countries and locate new facilities overseas. Rather than protecting jobs, this could lead to reduced investment and employment at home.
Among potential weaknesses faced by the United States are the persistent underperformance of older, native-born K-12 students in math and science and the heavy focus of federal research funding on the life sciences versus physical sciences. Another unknown is whether an increasing U.S. reliance on foreign-born workers in science and engineering makes the U.S. vulnerable. In recent years, about 70 percent of the foreign scientists and engineers who receive PhDs from U.S. universities choose to remain here, but the stay rate could fall as research conditions and salaries improve abroad.
The RAND report was sponsored by the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel & Readiness and conducted within the Forces and Resources Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combatant Commands, the Department of the Navy, the Marine Corps., the defense agencies and the defense Intelligence Community.
The report, �U.S. Competitiveness in Science and Technology,� can be found at www.rand.org.
The U.S. retains its global pre-eminence in science and technology,with a big boost from foreign students,scientists and engineers, a RandCorp. report said.
U.S. Still Leads the World in Science and Technology; Nation Benefits From Foreign Scientists, Engineers
Despite perceptions that the nation is losing its competitive edge, the United States remains the dominant leader in science and technology worldwide, according to a RAND Corporation study issued today.
The United States accounts for 40 percent of the total world�s spending on scientific research and development, employs 70 percent of the world�s Nobel Prize winners and is home to three-quarters of the world�s top 40 universities.
An inflow of foreign students in the sciences -- as well as scientists and engineers from overseas -- has helped the United States build and maintain its worldwide lead, even as many other nations increase their spending on research and development. Continuing this flow of foreign-born talent is critical to helping the United States maintain its lead, according to the study.
�Much of the concern about the United States losing its edge as the world�s leader in science and technology appears to be unfounded,� said Titus Galama, co-author of the report and a management scientist at RAND, a nonprofit research organization. �But the United States cannot afford to be complacent. Effort is needed to make sure the nation maintains or even extends its standing.�
U.S. investments in research and development have not lagged in recent years, but instead have grown at rates similar to what has occurred elsewhere in the world -- growing even faster than what has been seen in Europe and Japan. While China is investing heavily in research and development, it does not yet account for a large share of world innovation and scientific output, which continues to be dominated by the United States, Europe and Japan, according to RAND researchers.
However, other nations are rapidly educating their populations in science and technology. For instance, the European Union and China each are graduating more university-educated scientists and engineers every year than the United States.
Policymakers often receive advice from ad hoc sources. Although their viewpoints are valuable, they should be balanced by more complete and critical assessments of U.S. science and technology, said report co-author James Hosek, a RAND senior economist. The absence of a balanced assessment can feed a public misperception that U.S. science and technology is failing when in fact it remains strong, even preeminent.
�There is a pressing need for ongoing, objective analyses of science and technology performance and the science and technology workforce. We need this information to ensure that decision makers have a rigorous understanding of the issues,� Hosek said.
Among the study�s recommendations:
Establish a permanent commitment to fund a chartered body that would periodically monitor and analyze U.S. science and technology performance and the condition of the nation�s science and engineering workforce.
Make it easier for foreigners who have graduated from U.S. universities with science and engineering degrees to stay indefinitely in the United States.
Make it easier for highly skilled labor to immigrate to the United States to ensure the benefits of expanded innovation are captured in the United States and to help the United States remain competitive in research and innovation.
Increase the United States� capacity to learn from science centers in Europe, Japan, China, India and other countries.
Continue to improve K-12 education in general, and science and technology education in particular.
The inflow of foreign students, scientists and engineers has been a key factor that has enabled the U.S. science and engineering workforce to grow faster than the U.S. is graduating native-born scientists and engineers, according to the report. Researchers found that foreign-born scientists and engineers are paid the same as native born, suggesting their quality is on par.
But a recent reduction in the cap on skilled immigrant visas (H1-B) has the potential to reduce the inflow of foreign science and engineering workers, and the report argues that curtailing the supply of these scientists and engineers can lead U.S. firms to outsource more research and development to foreign countries and locate new facilities overseas. Rather than protecting jobs, this could lead to reduced investment and employment at home.
Among potential weaknesses faced by the United States are the persistent underperformance of older, native-born K-12 students in math and science and the heavy focus of federal research funding on the life sciences versus physical sciences. Another unknown is whether an increasing U.S. reliance on foreign-born workers in science and engineering makes the U.S. vulnerable. In recent years, about 70 percent of the foreign scientists and engineers who receive PhDs from U.S. universities choose to remain here, but the stay rate could fall as research conditions and salaries improve abroad.
The RAND report was sponsored by the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel & Readiness and conducted within the Forces and Resources Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combatant Commands, the Department of the Navy, the Marine Corps., the defense agencies and the defense Intelligence Community.
The report, �U.S. Competitiveness in Science and Technology,� can be found at www.rand.org.
gc_on_demand
06-12 09:39 AM
Thursday 06/12/2008 - 11:00 AM
2237 Rayburn House Office Building
Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law
Hearing on the Need for Green Cards for Highly Skilled Workers
2237 Rayburn House Office Building
Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law
Hearing on the Need for Green Cards for Highly Skilled Workers
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